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Rajni

A clamping circuit is simply a level shifter. It shifts the level of an input waveform to a predesigned level. Now consider a positive clamper circuit..During the negative half cycle, the diode is forward biased and hence voltage at output is the forward voltage drop of diode. So capacitor charges. During the positive half cycle of ac voltage, diode is reverse biased .So applied voltage comes at output .Also the capacitor discharges and the discharging voltage is adding to the input voltage. So the output voltage is the sum of the input voltage and the capacitor discharge voltage. Then by properly biasing the diode clamping at various voltage levels can be obtained.